But brilliant as he was, Rosebery tended to lethargy and boredom. Many of her public activities centered on Scotland, where she frequently spent time at Dalmeny House, seat of the Rosebery family near Edinburgh. Got married in 1878 Rosebery. Hannah learned much about art from him. Rosebery too felt there was an impassable barrier of faith; at this time, it was inconceivable that any children could be raised as Jews. [31] However, any shortcomings in the guest list were compensated for by the guest of honourthe Prince of Walesand Disraeli, who gave the bride away. She was a companion to her hypochondriac mother and, in later life, a hostess with her father during her mother's long periods of indisposition. palais rothschild 4 berzik 26 (prince eugne strasse) 1879-1884. maintenant l'ambassade du brsil vienne. Mentmore estate, Buckinghamshire. She is the eldest child of Jacob Rothschild, 4th Baron Rothschild, and his wife, Serena Dunn Rothschild. After inheriting her father's fortune in 1874, she became the richest woman in Britain. William Allan, Sotheby's Sale catalogue of the collection. The marriage produced four children: Lady Sybil Primrose, born in 1879; Lady Margaret Primrose, born in 1881; the heir Harry Primrose, Lord Dalmeny (later 6th Earl of Rosebery), born in 1882; and finally the Honourable Neil Primrose, born the same year as his elder brother. It had been rumoured that the position of Viceroy of Ireland or a cabinet place would be proffered,[74] but it turned out to be the job of Under Secretary of the India Office. Lord Rosebery was eventually persuaded to enter government, becoming once again Foreign Secretary serving under Gladstone as Prime Minister. He married Hannah Barent Cohen in 1806, with whom he had seven children (three daughters and four sons). She gauged the character of her fellow creatures with great perspicacity.. [106] The Durdans was bequeathed to her daughter, Sybil, in 1929 and was sold together with its contents in 1955. According to family correspondence, Hannah spent many of her childhood years riding and hunting; because of over-exertion in these activities she had to spend one year totally on her back. She also donated to numerous other charities connected with Jewish causes. Her notes accompanied the sale of most of the contents of Mentmore when they were sold in 1977 at Sothebys in what was dubbed the sale of the century. However, antisemitic feelings were prevalent in the upper echelons of society, particularly so among those closest to the Queen at court, where following the death of the Prince Consort in 1861 the Rothschilds became pointedly excluded. In his futile quest to exonerate himself, and grasping at rumour, Dilke wrote to Rosebery accusing Lady Rosebery of having paid Virginia to make the confession. During the final quarter of the 19th century her husband, the Earl of Rosebery, was one of the most celebrated figures in Britain, an influential millionaire and politician, whose charm, wit, charisma and public popularity gave him such standing that he "almost eclipsed that of Royalty". Rothschild. In 1883 she traveled round the world with her husband, reaching Australia and returning by way of India. McKinstry, p. 94, attributes the quote to Edel. I never knew such a beautiful character." Those who saw the couple alone at home "could not doubt the affection as well as the comprehension that united them". McKinstry, p. 149, reports these claims but does not say who made them. Binney, Marcus. Available for both RF and RM licensing. Victorian Jews through British Eyes. "[71] Thus in Rosebery's first serious involvement in politics, Disraeli was defeated and the newly elected MP for Midlothian became Prime Minister for the second time (the caretaker liberal leader Lord Hartington retired in favour of Gladstone). Hannah Rothschild, Countess of Rosebery . Like many other women of her class and era, Lady Rosebery patronised a great number of charities. Without her to calm and order his life he was a neurotic wreck. [38] However, much evidence suggests that Rosebery, while professing to be happy, was at times irritated and bored by Hannah, who was always keen to accommodate his every whim. Rosebery's frequent absences from his wife fuelled gossip that he was a secret homosexual. Davis, Richard W.The English Rothschilds. "[104] Corry had been Disraeli's influential private secretary on whom he had relied. [24] However, several hurdles had to be overcome before a marriage could take place. [85] Upon her inheriting her fortune, one of her first acts was to found a lifeboat station in memory of her father, in 1875, at a cost of 2,000. The Tories were later to claim that Rosebery had paid for Gladstone's campaign. Rosebery was, as expected, offered a position in Government by Gladstone. He fulfilled all three. He died in 1929. His premiership of the United Kingdom lasted barely a year. In 1894 on Gladstone's retirement he achieved his wife's ambitions and became Prime Minister, but by then Lady Rosebery was dead. [31] In fact, she was to be the third daughter of the family's English branch to marry outside of the Jewish faith,[32] but such was the fame of the bridegroom and the resultant publicity that the Jewish elders and press felt an example needed to be made. From her mother she learned the many social skills of a grand hostess, as well as music. Her son Harry sold the house in 1938, and it was demolished. As the couple's social and political interests increased from 1882, they leased the larger Lansdowne House, well suited to be the home of the political salon which Hannah was to establish. Hannahs father was the fourth son of Baron Nathan Mayer Rothschild (17771836) and though very anglicized in his ways, styled himself Baron Mayer as was the custom among younger sons of the nobility in Europe. Quote from diary of Thomas Gilmour, 7 February 1885. McKinstry, p. 149. Hannah de Rothschild was born into a world of great wealth and luxury. 31 December 1999. Queen Victoria was eventually persuaded to elevate Hannah de Rothschild's cousin Nathaniel de Rothschild to the peerage in 1884. Hannah de Rothschild, Countess of Rosebery, Britain: Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, The Shalvi/Hyman Encyclopedia of Jewish Women, Copyright 19982023, Jewish Women's Archive. The author. Attributed by McKinstry, p. 76, to a memorandum by Sir Edward Hamilton. Her cousin Lady Battersea wrote that during her married life she hardly, if ever, attended a church service and continued to support generously all the Jewish institutions in which she had been interested. Historical records and family trees related to Hannah Rothschild. Once upon entering a book shop she told her children they were entering a toy shop, and when the disappointed children pointed out the obvious she replied "to your father this is a toy shop. Date if known in the title. Hannah, Countess of Rosebery, painted by Frederic, Lord Leighton Hannah Primrose, Countess of Rosebery ( ne de Rothschild; 27 July 1851 - 19 November 1890) was the daughter of Baron Mayer de Rothschild and his wife Juliana ( ne Cohen ). Born the only child of Baron Meyer Amschel de Rothschild and Juliana Cohen. Without her to calm and order his life he was a neurotic wreck. [50] The more public and precise accusations of Rosebery's homosexuality by the Marquess of Queensberry, following the Cleveland Street scandal, did not occur until three years after Lady Rosebery's death. Rosebery immediately declined the post, giving as his reason that it would appear that he was being repaid for running Gladstone's campaign (as though the Viceregal position would not). Through her father, she is a member of the Rothschild banking family. Harcourt was the son of Sir, Luton Times and Advertiser Saturday 7 August 1875, McKinstry, p. 77 mentions (among others) chiefly. [87], Her interest in education has been one of her most obvious surviving charitable legacies. Henry James, an occasional guest in the Roseberys' homes,[28] delivered one of the most unflattering condemnations of Lady Rosebery describing her as "large, coarse, Hebrew-looking with hair of no particular colour and personally unattractive".[36]. Hannah remained loyal to her faith as a Jew after her marriage and was a member of the Central Synagogue in London. The newspaper went on to describe Rosebery as looking like a prosperous farmer. Their arrival in New York was widely reported, and a full and flattering description of Lady Rosebery was reported in The Herald. husband Charlotte Nathan Rothschild daughter Lionel Nathan de Rothschild son Sir Anthony de Rothschild, 1st B. son Nathaniel de Rothschild son Hannah Mayer FitzRoy daughter Mayer Amschel de Rothschild son Louise de Rothschild daughter Julia Maynes daughter Lydia Barent-Cohen (Diamantschle. Custom Content. More revealing is a comment Lady Rosebery herself made to her husband, "I sometimes think it is wrong that I have thought less of the children in comparison to you"[58] shortly before her death in 1890, suggesting that when a choice between her children and husband was forced on her, she always chose her husband. This gave her confidence and the experience to be the perfect political wife. The new Tory government was led by Lord Salisbury. She maintained the tradition of philanthropic works that she learned from her parents and remained a loyal Jew, despite marrying a Christian man. The Prince of Wales attended and Prime Minister Lord Beaconsfield (Benjamin Disraeli), who had been a constant visitor at her parents home, gave the bride away. Her father had died four years previously in 1874, and bequeathed to her the bulk of his estate. Archibald Philip Primrose (1847-1929) had inherited his title from his grandfather in 1868, aged 21, together with an income of 30,000 a year. The collections at Mentmore were meticulously catalogued by her in memory of her father, to whom she had been devoted. He died in 1929. Dilke's political career was ruined, and for years afterwards he continued to expound the Rosebery conspiracy theory. [55] This was particularly evident in June 1880 when shortly after the birth of their first child Sybil, Rosebery wished to visit Germany for three months, to take a cure at a German spa (he was recovering from what is now thought to have been a nervous breakdown). His final years were blighted by ill health and a self-enforced seclusion in Scotland. James, Richard Rhode. However, the same comment also hints that she was not unaware that her choice was at the cost of her children. As the couple's social and political interests increased from 1882, they leased the larger Lansdowne House. "[84] Rosebery was now on the path to political greatness, but Gladstone's government fell the same year. She was the granddaughter of Baron Nathan Mayer Rothschild, who had founded N M Rothschild & Sons, the English branch of the Rothschilds' banking empire. The relationship between the couple appears at times to have been almost that of a mother and child; however, Hannah's death on 19 November 1890 at Dalmeny, her husband's Scottish seat, of typhoid fever, compounded by Bright's disease, left him distraught. [68] While in the grounds of Dalmeny House itself, the public were treated to a great firework display. She attended synagogue services on the anniversary of her parents death. She was buried in accordance with the rites of the Jewish faith. [53] It seems she was the driving force of the relationship, with her feet firmly on the ground. "[47] Having toured and been fted in America, the party moved on to Australia via Honolulu. New York: Macmillan Company, 1964. Rosebery seems to have disliked his first son, who he claimed looked "Jewish. Her loss is today as great a calamity from every point of view as it was at the time of her death. The marriage was celebrated in London on 20 March 1878, a civil ceremony being performed at the register office in Mount Street, Grosvenor Square, and also in a Christian ceremony at Christ Church in Down Street, Piccadilly. Hannahs father was a great collector of paintings and objets dart, which he kept at Mentmore. [93] While Queen Victoria always personally liked Rosebery, she mistrusted his politics. palais nathaniel rothschild 1871-1878. il a t construit pour nathaniel de rothschild. While one could be friends with Jews and accept their hospitality, their social status was still not sufficiently elevated to include marriage into the peerage without unfavourable comment.[27]. [103], The Liberals did not return to office until 1892. [98] On his return home he had designed for his wife a Victorian Gothic version of the Taj Mahal in miniature. Like many of her Rothschild relatives she was also deeply involved with the welfare of young working-class women of the Jewish faith who inhabited the poorer areas of London, in particular Whitechapel. In this way women, especially widowed mothers, remained in their homes able to care for their often large families while still earning an income. Sir Charles Dilke, considered as a likely replacement for Gladstone,[79] and thus a rival to Rosebery in government, was implicated in one of the most scandalous and ruinous divorce cases of the era. [24] To show "official" disapproval, no male member of the Rothschild family attended the ceremonies. The quotation, originally from the Babylonian Talmud, can be taken to mean that the elders, respected, and more notable Jews should set a good example by strictly following the teachings of the Jewish articles of faith, which forbid marriage to members of other religions. Hannah also faced obstacles from her own family, and the wider Jewish community, who were publicly against the union. This property was transformed into one of London's most luxurious town houses. II-90 Such was still the fame of her parents that London traffic was brought to a standstill on her wedding day in 1899. She founded schools in all the villages surrounding the Roseberys' estates. Features thousands of biographic and thematic essays on Jewish women around the world. The Disraelis were close friends and neighbours of the Rothschilds in Buckinghamshire. McKinstry says (p. 198) that she was also suffering from a kidney condition. Having firmly assisted and supported her husband on his path, she suddenly died in 1890, aged 39, leaving him, distraught and bereft of her support, to achieve the political destiny which she had planned. Let us know. She personally catalogued the collection, and prophetically wrote in the preface "In time to come, when, like all collections, this will be dispersed (and I hope this will be long after my death) this book may be of value. In 1878, Hannah de Rothschild married Archibald Primrose, 5th . McKinstry, pp. [1] Yet his Jewish wife, during her lifetime regarded as dull, overweight and lacking in beauty, remains an enigmatic figure and often regarded as notable only for financing her husband's three ambitions: to marry an heiress, win The Derby, and become Prime Minister (the second and third of these possibly apocryphal ambitions were achieved after her death). The remainder of the collection was dispersed in a week-long sale and is now scattered across the globe. Rosebery was considered to be strikingly handsome and immensely cultivated. Quote attributed to a letter from Lady Rosebery to Lady Leconfield 4 December 1879. Gladstone remarked that Rosebery was, perhaps, rather too concerned with his health. At the request of Queen Victoria, she served as President for Scotland of the Jubilee Nurses Institute. A few pieces of furniture and paintings were taken to Dalmeny, (the only house to remain in the family) where they are displayed today, and three pictures including Drouais's Madame de Pompadour were purchased for the National Gallery. From the outset of the marriage, political members of the Rothschild family took an interest in Rosebery,[62] and he was soon acclaimed as one of the rising hopes of the Liberal Party. [25] Queen Victoria herself expressed antisemitic views in 1873 when it was proposed that Lionel de Rothschild be elevated to the peerage; the Queen refused, and expressed a reluctance to make a Jew a peer, saying that "to make a Jew a peer is a step she could not consent to" and furthermore stating that to give "a title and mark of her approbation to a Jew" was something she would not do. Quote attributed to. Hannah Primrose, Countess of Rosebery ( 27 July 1851 - 19 November 1890 ), daughter of Baron Meyer de Rothschild and his wife Juliana. Rosebery may have not been antisemitic before his marriage; however, the acerbic wit for which he was famous led him to make remarks that could have been taken in such a way, once his marriage had secured the Rothschild fortune. [60] Marriage to her altered Rosebery's status, too: while his wife acquired Christian respectability and a title, Rosebery moved from being one of many wealthy and capable young noblemen to being one with unfathomable riches. According to her husband, Hannah was very simple, very unspoilt, very clever, very warm-hearted, and very shy.. [66] On a tour of America before his marriage, Rosebery had been impressed by the campaigning of prospective political candidates; in Britain little had changed in that respect since the hustings of the 18th century. In Australia, Rosebery chose to indulge his habit of solitude, installing his wife in a hotel in Sydney, while he went off alone to tour the outback. The Roseberry Pearl and Diamond Tiara that was given to Hannah De Rothschild as a wedding present in 1878, which forms part of the Pearls Exhibition. She made herself the link between the world and her "thin skinned and neurotic" husband. Lord Rosebery writing just after his wife's death; Crewe, Vol 2, p. 379. As the Marquess of Crewe put it "she had cut her spurs". Hannah de Rothschild 1851-1890 4.20 = 1878 Philip Archibald Primose, Earl of Rosebery 1847-1929 4.20H Louise de Rothschild 1820-1894 3.9 = 1842 Mayer Carl von Rothschild 1820-1886 3.11 Isabella Rothschild 1781-1861 2.5 = 1802 Bernhard Juda Sichel 1780-1862 2.5H Once renovation was complete in 1882, Rosebery used it as a private retreat from his family, and began to spend his nights there alone. [citation needed]. Rosebery only ever trusted his wife. [13] Whatever the faults of her education, she possessed great confidence, impressing her Rothschild relations, who noted her poise and competence when she hosted a large house party at Mentmore for the Prince of Wales while only 17 years of age. When pressed further he cited ill healthhe had been suffering from scarlet fever during the Midlothian campaign and now also appeared to be suffering a minor nervous breakdown. The cottages still have an H de R cipher on their gables. She was first introduced to her future husband, Archibald Primrose, the Earl. For the first few years following their marriage, the Roseberys resided in London in the Piccadilly house Lady Rosebery had inherited. I never knew such a beautiful character. [sic][70] However it was not just Gladstone and Rosebery the huge crowds had come to see, but also the dutifully supporting and smiling families. [30] Another obstacle was the Rothschild family itself: it was their custom to marry cousins[30] to keep their fortune within the family. [110][111] This is part of tradition of having cities, towns and other settlements in Israel named in honor of members of the Rothschild family, primarily due to the generosity and influence of Baron Edmond James de Rothschild, HaNadiv (the Benefactor), upon the history of the Land of Israel and the State of Israel. Among her many charitable activities she supported the Institution for the Oral Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb and supervised the fund for the relief of the sick and wounded in the campaigns in Egypt and the Sudan (18821885). The Earl and Countess had four childen: Lady Sybil Primrose (1879-1955), Lady Margaret 'Peggy' Primrose (1881-1967), Albert (Harry) Primrose, Lord Dalmeny (later 6th Earl of Rosebery) (1882-1974) and Neil Primrose (1881-1917). [105] Lady Crewe became one of the first women magistrates in Britain; she died in 1955. Thus Lady Rosebery not only pushed and encouraged him behind the scenes but was now to become an encouraging and conspicuous figure by his side. [39], There were times when Lady Rosebery's devotion to her husband was tested. [63] As a hereditary peer, he already had a seat in the House of Lords and had made his maiden speech there on attaining his majority. Not only were the children educated at her expense by trained teachers, each was also provided with seasonal gifts of new clothes. On another occasion, when the Roseberys were travelling in India, Rosebery is reported to have announced "I will travel ahead, Hannah and the rest of the heavy baggage will follow the next day. Without her, Rosebery was a shadow of his former self, taking huge doses of morphine to combat insomnia and nerves. [72] At the same time she was canny enough to mention that Sir William Harcourt and Sir Charles Dilke, both radicals opposed to Gladstone's policies, were "visiting them" and "thoughtful".[72]. According to her husband, Hannah was very simple, very unspoilt, very clever, very warm-hearted, and very shy. After inheriting her father's fortune in 1874, she became the richest woman in Britain. Hannah de Rothschild 1851-1890 4.20 = 1878 Philip Archibald Primose, Earl of Rosebery 1847-1929 4.20H Louise de Rothschild 1820-1894 3.9 = 1842 Mayer Carl von Rothschild 1820-1886 3.11 Isabella Rothschild 1781-1861 2.5 = 1802 Bernhard Juda Sichel 1780-1862 2.5H Without her, Rosebery was a shadow of his former self, taking huge doses of morphine to combat insomnia and nerves. [18] The Disraelis were close friends and neighbours of the Rothschilds in Buckinghamshire. She had to be carefulif it appeared her husband had declined the offer on the grounds that it was too lowly, it would give substance to the claims being made that he was conceited and petulant. For the remainder of his life and without his wife, as Queen Victoria phrased it, "to hold him back", he became more and more eccentric and controversial in his decisions. This is part of tradition of having cities, towns and other settlements in Israel named in honor of members of the Rothschild family, primarily due to the generosity and influence of Baron Edmond James de Rothschild, HaNadiv (the Benefactor), upon the history of the Land of Israel and the State of Israel. For the first few years following their marriage, the Roseberys resided in London in the Piccadilly house Lady Rosebery had inherited from her father. The story of. [citation needed], Before their marriage and his full-time entry into politics, Rosebery's future wife had written with extraordinary foresight and ambition to him: "I work only to help you, if you are Prime Minister, let me imitate Montagu Corry. McKinstry, p. 120, attributes this to a letter to Constance Leconfield of 20 October 1883. "[64], Rosebery was not a natural politician. [54] While her husband sulked or withdrew with hurt pride from a situation, she came to the forefront to plead his case or cause. This view had softened by 1885. Between the death of his father, in 1851, and the death of his grandfather, the 4th Earl, in 1868, he was known by the courtesy title of Lord Dalmeny. He was highly intelligent, and a brilliant future was forecast for him by his tutors at both Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. Rothschild Research Forum designed and developed by CBJ Digital Ltd. His daughter Hannah, aged just five months, helped lay the foundation stone on 31 December 1851. Even as late as 1931, in a similar situation, the uncomprehending wife of, Sotheby's, Sale Catalogue (1995), p. 13. Like her mother, Baroness Juliana de Rothschild, she was very active in philanthropic undertakings. Her charitable work was principally in the sphere of public health and causes associated with the welfare of working-class Jewish women living in the poorer districts of London. Petah Tikva (Hebrew: , IPA: [pe.ta tik.va], lit. Lady Rosebery, "conscious of her husband's supreme ability",[77] wanted him in the cabinet and was furiously agitating her husband's discontent until Rosebery threatened to resign his Home Office position. [95] It seems that the Queen's antipathy to Jews was confined to elevating them to the peerage. In 1878 she married the Earl of Rosebery, but, notwithstanding this union, remained a Jewess, was a member of the Central . [90] She fought the disease, but it was found that she was also suffering from Bright's disease, which had weakened her, making it impossible to survive the attack. He was often abrupt with her in public. In 2018, Hannah was made Commander of the British Empire (CBE) for services to Literature and Philanthropy. Like his brothers, he bought land in Buckinghamshire. London: Literary Licensing, 1939. He was also a patron of horseracing, his horses winning the Derby, the Oaks, and the St. Leger in the same year. Lord Rosebery was eventually persuaded to enter government, becoming once again Foreign Secretary serving under Gladstone as Prime Minister. McKinstry, photograph caption following p. 130. Have an update or correction? His father had died when he was eight and he had been brought up by his mother, who had subsequently married Harry Powlett, 4th Duke of Cleveland. Rosebery, who has been described as febrile and supercilious,[41] replied in a letter of congratulations on the birth of his heir from Mary Gladstone: "I cannot pretend to be much excited by an event which occurs to almost every human being and which may cause me a great deal of annoyance." Primrose would later serve as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 5 March 1894 to 22 June 1895; he never sat in the House of Commons and, like others in that situation, found it difficult to lead a government from the Lords. The Roseberys' house party would leave Dalmeny and tour towns and cities across Midlothian and Scotland, with Gladstone and the speakers often addressing vast crowds from the back of an American-designed Pullman car specially acquired by Rosebery for the purpose. She married Philip Archibald Primrose in 1878 and devoted the rest of her life to her husband and marriage. On 20 March 1878, 31-year-old Rosebery married 27-year-old Hannah de Rothschild (1851-1890), only child and sole heiress of the Jewish banker Mayer Amschel de Rothschild, and the wealthiest British heiress of her day. These came in the form of whispers and anonymous letters. Save up to 30% when you upgrade to an image pack. [78] The Roseberys then immediately left England and their children for a long trip to America and Australia. She was very ambitious for her husband and lived to see him enter the government in 1881, after helping Gladstone with his campaign in Midlothian, serving as Undersecretary of State for Home Affairs, then as Lord Privy Seal and finally as Foreign Secretary in 1886. [6] In addition to Mentmore, Baron and Baroness Meyer de Rothschild had a large house in London, 107 Piccadilly, and The Zenaide, a luxurious yacht, upon which Hanna's mother died in 1877, the year before her marriage. The wedding, which took place at Christ Church in Piccadilly and was preceded by a civil ceremony, was one of the major social events of the year. The formal engagement of marriage was announced on 3 January 1878,[34] a day Rosebery forever afterwards regarded as sacred. In August 1880, when Gladstone told her firmly that "There is nothing I can give him," she claimed she had not been seeking a cabinet post and Gladstone had misunderstood her. In between, occasional days and the week-long Derby meeting would be spent at their home 'The Durdans' in Epsom; Rosebery'shorses won the Derby in 1894, 1895 and 1905. He represented Wisbech in parliament from 1910 to 1917 and served as Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs in 1915 and as joint-Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury from 1916 to 1917. When assessing Lady Rosebery's behaviour to her children it should be remembered that she lived in an era of plentiful nannies, wet nurses, nursemaids and governesses which the upper classes employed as the norm. Neil was a British Liberal politician and soldier. Roseberys declared ambitions were to marry an heiress, own a horse that won the Derby and be Prime Minister. In 1836, Nathan Mayer Rothschild's widow, Hannah (1783-1850), bought a few acres of land at Mentmore in Buckinghamshire for her sons so that they could take healthy exercise away from the city. Help us elevate the voices of Jewish women. the rothschild family ( / r ( s) tald / roth (s)-chylde, german: [ot.lt]) is a wealthy ashkenazi jewish family originally from frankfurt that rose to prominence with mayer amschel rothschild (1744-1812), a court factor to the german landgraves of hesse-kassel in the free city of frankfurt, holy roman empire, who established his banking London: Macmillan and Co., 1922. The Cousinhood. If she was aware of his faults she gave no indication of it. There is no doubt that she tempered her husband's more radical views. The couples shared many interests, including horseracing and collecting art and books. Pardes Hanna, which as of 2019 had a population of 43,000, is one of 10 cities, towns or settlements in the State of Israel bearing the name of a Rothschild.
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