His father, Henry Bolingbroke, was exiled in 1399 by his cousin, Richard II, when his father participated in the revolt of the Lords Appellant in 1388, the year before his birth. Brandon managed a spectacular career from modest beginnings. Henry V had relied upon John when he was away fighting to rule in his absence. He became the guardian of Henry's infant son Henry VI and became regent on his behalf. Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford, 26. The title of duke, derived from the latin dux, is the highest in the peerage and until 1448 was restricted to members of the royal family. He was knighted on 12 October 1399 at his father's coronation, and made a Knight of the Garter by 1402. [S16] #894 Cahiers de Saint-Louis (1976), Louis IX, Roi de France, (Angers: J. Saillot, 1976), FHL book 944 D22ds., vol. Brother of Edward Plantagenet, of Lancaster; Henry V of England; Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence; Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester; Blanche Plantagenet, of Lancaster, England, and 1 other; and Philippa of Lancaster, Princess of England, Queen of Denmark, Sweden & Norway less As Regent of France, Bedford had the huge responsibility of not only keeping and maintaining the territories that his brother had conquered, but expanding English interests in France. Welcome back. John, as well as being a soldier and a politician, was also a scholar. Henry IVs second son was called Thomas but he was killed in 1421 at the Battle of Bauge in France. He had no legitimate surviving issue. He maintained his loyalty to his father, brother and nephew until the day he died. In any event it didnt do Joan much good. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following license: Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. In the 2011 Philippa Gregory novel, The Lady of the Rivers, John features in a minor role as the first husband of its main character Jacquetta of Luxembourg. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. His demise further weakened the stability of the English court where opposing and increasingly vociferous factions now had no one sufficiently intimidating to hold them in check. John was the third son and he was followed by Humphrey. John , duke of Bedford (13891435), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Oct 2007 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/14844, accessed 1 Nov 2009]document.write(printCitationDate()). [2] He was created Earl of Kendal, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Bedford in 1414 by his brother, King Henry V.[3][4]. The Oxford Companion to British History. Much of the period of Henry VIs minority is filled with the political machinations of John and Humphrey who was created Duke of Gloucester and Earl of Pembroke. Half brother of Edmund Labourde, "John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI. The Plantagenet family were moving ever closer to implosion. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. Yolande taught Margaret etiquette, literature and accounting: had she married a sane king, Margaret would have been a great asset to England. He married Jacquette de Luxembourg (c1415-1472) 1433 JL After he secured a peace treaty, the port city of Berwick remained in English hands and likewise many other towns and cities such as Roxburgh. Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. 11 p. 834. 2nd edition, 2011), vol. London: Constable and Co., 1910-1911), FHL microfilm 88,003., vol. Encyclopedia.com. The first and second creations came in 1414 and 1433 respectively, in favour of Henry IV's third son, John, [clarification needed] who later served as regent of France. John's second wife, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, was the mother of Elizabeth Woodville, who may be this queen. Duke of Bedford. John had his young nephew crowned King of France in Paris so that for a little while at least there were technically two kings of France at the same time, though it rather depended where you were as to which one you recognised in public. He had no legitimate surviving issue. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, 30. Oxford: John Johnson, 1928), FHL book Q 929.242 W159w; FHL microfilm 1696491 it., vol. As a son of the sovereign, John bore the Royal arms of his father King Henry IV, differenced by a label of five points per pale ermine and France. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 410 478 pixels. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 138914 September 1435), was a medieval English nobleman, soldier, and statesman. Chipps Smith, Jeffrey (1984). He was born in 1389. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. In 1431, Bedford had Joan tried and executed at Rouen, then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI at Paris. He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. He was lieutenant of the kingdom during Henry's absences in France. Find John Of Lancaster 1st Duke Of Bedford stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. Bedford, of course, was held responsible by many of his peers for the losses in France. As Regent of France, he returns to his area of responsibility in an attempt to subdue the rebellions there. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. John's first marriage was to Anne of Burgundy (d. 1432), daughter of John the Fearless, on 13 May 1423 in Troyes. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1996), FHL film 1553977-1553985.. [S81] #125 The Royal Daughters of England and Their Representatives (1910-1911), Lane, Henry Murray, (2 voulmes. In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. He is better known in history as the First Duke of Bedford. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted . In the last years of Bedford's life, the conflict devolved into a war of attrition, and he became increasingly unable to gather the necessary funds to prosecute the conflict. Learn how your comment data is processed. Arms of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford.svg, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sodacan, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported, Jan van Lancaster, 1ste Hertog van Bedford, Obansk vlka mezi Armagnaky a Burgunany, , Liste des hritiers du trne d'Angleterre, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arms_of_John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford.svg. He appears in William Shakespeare's plays Henry IV, Part 1, and Henry IV, Part 2, as John of Lancaster, and in Henry V and Henry VI, Part 1, as the Duke of Bedford. Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Marks of Cadency in the British Royal Family", "Anne, of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford, 1404?1432", Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research, "John, duke of Bedford's arrangements for the defence of Normandy in October 1434", "Brigandage and Resistance in Lancastrian Normandy: A Study of the Remission Evidence", "The Treaty of Amiens (1423): Towards a Reconsideration", "A Vous Entier: John of Lancaster, 13891435", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_of_Lancaster,_Duke_of_Bedford&oldid=1126474769, This page was last edited on 9 December 2022, at 14:50. Bedford was declared regent, but concentrated on the ongoing war in France, while Gloucester acted as Lord Protector of England during his absence. Elizabeth Woodville's right to inherit these armorial supporters would seem dubious if they belonged to her mother's first husband or to his first wife. JOHN CANNON "Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of Bedford then arranged a coronation for the young Henry VI in Paris. definition - John_of_Lancaster,_1st_Duke_of_Bedford. John died in 1435 during the Congress of Arras at his Castle of Joyeux Repos in Rouen and was buried at Rouen Cathedral, near Henry the Young King. However, difficulties mounted after the arrival of Joan of Arc, and his efforts were further thwarted by political divisions at home and the wavering of England's key ally, Duke Philip of Burgundy and his faction, the Burgundians. 1 p. 240, vol. In any event Henry of Monmouth shook boorish habits from him as soon as he became king and went off to do what medieval English nobility expected of their monarchs he went to war with someone, gained victory and land. Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, 14. The last impression one is given of Bedford by Shakespeare is a fairly positive one: he is a loyal servant of the crown who gave his life for his king, cause and country. The shield is surrounded by a pair of banners gules which reverse in argent with the motto repeated four times: A vous entier (To you / yours entire[ly]). A daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry V of England and gave birth to his heir Henry VI of England.Catherine's marriage was part of a plan to eventually place Henry V on the throne of France, and perhaps end what is now known as the Hundred Years' War . Reprint Paris: Editions du Palais Royal, 1967-1968), FHL book 944 D5a; FHL microfilms 532,231-532,239., vol. [5] She was executed at Rouen on 30 May 1431. Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (= 20). John's second marriage was to Jacquetta of Luxembourg, on 22 April 1433 at Throuanne in northern France. Stratford, Jenny. He took the reigns of power for his brother three times in total. 1 p. 244 table 2 pt. 3950. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful King but for the baby Henry VI. Unfortunately, he was left with such an impossible situation to deal with in France, but dealt with it to the best of his abilities. Bedford had been Governor in Normandy between 1422 and 1432, where the University of Caen was founded under his auspices. 1726. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435), also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . He was appointed master of the mews and falcons in 1402, Constable of England in 1403 and Warden of the East March from 1403 to 1414. Bedford was the third son of King Henry IV of England, brother to Henry V, and acted as regent of France for his nephew Henry VI. He continued to build up his influence and position in government throughout the remainder of his father's reign. Alternatively, though equally incorrect, the arms may be her mother's used in a flattering conceit. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford Born: June 20, 1389 Died: September 14, 1435 Rouen, France (Age 46) John in History John of Lancaster was born the third son of Henry Bolingbroke, eldest son and heir of John of Gaunt, third surviving son of King Edward III. It is possible that the yale was painted in silver which has tarnished black. Blanche Plantagenet, of Lancaster, England, Philippa of Lancaster, Princess of England, Queen of Denmark, Sweden & Norway, Birth of John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford. John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI . When Joan of Arc was captured by the English, Jean sold all his family silver to raise another army and seized the town where Joan was held. Hereinafter cited as The Complete Peerage, Volume XIV. His mother died when he was just five. 16567. This may be a pun on the German Tier, i.e., beast, or on (English) tears or 'tiers' of meaning, including tierce, referring to himself as third in line to his father's throne and by now rightful king but for the baby Henry VI. Despite his military and administrative talent, the situation in France had severely deteriorated by the time of his death.[1]. (January 16, 2023). John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford KG (20 June 1389 - 14 September 1435) was a medieval English prince, general and statesman who commanded England's armies in France during a critical phase of the Hundred Years' War. Since the conditions of the Treaty of Troyes in 1420 had specified that Henry V would become King of France following the death of the French King Charles VI, it became clear that an infant would now be king of two kingdoms very soon. And he is famous, or perhaps infamous, for having Joan of Arc burnt at the stake for witchcraft. Joans army took the Loire Valley and defeated the English after which she had King Charles VII of France crowned at Rheims which was against the treaty that the French had agreed to after Agincourt which saw King Henry V marry Katherine of Valois. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. The Hours were supposedly produced as a courtship present from John to his wife, Anne, daughter of John the Fearless of Burgundy. Throughout the next several years, the English, under Bedford's command, made significant gains in conquering the remainder of France. His wife died that year and, although he remarried the following year, he was clearly losing control of the situation in France. 16 Jan. 2023
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